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DBMS > Datomic vs. Firebird vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Firebird vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseWell established RDBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformRDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score4.25
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comwww.firebirdsql.orgwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sql-anywhere.html
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_SQL_Anywhere
DeveloperCognitectFirebird FoundationActian CorporationMicrosoftSAP infoformerly Sybase
Initial release20122000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20191992
Current release1.0.6735, June 20235.0.0, January 202411.2, May 2022cloud service with continuous releases17, July 2015
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureC and C++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsPSQLyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSource-replica replicationIngres Replicatoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoDatabase mirroring
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DatomicFirebirdIngresMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere
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