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DBMS > Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. IRONdb

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. H2 vs. HyperSQL vs. IRONdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBA distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicity
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comduckdb.orgwww.h2database.comhsqldb.orgwww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comduckdb.org/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-started
DeveloperCognitectThomas MuellerCirconus LLC.
Initial release20122018200520012017
Current release1.0.6735, June 20230.10, February 20242.2.220, July 20232.7.2, June 2023V0.10.20, January 2018
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++JavaJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMserver-lessAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infotext, numeric, histograms
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesyesSQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
JavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLyes, in Lua
TriggersBy using transaction functionsnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnonenonenoneAutomatic, metric affinity per node
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneconfigurable replication factor, datacenter aware
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodes
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
DatomicDuckDBH2HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBIRONdb
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