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DBMS > Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. GraphDB vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. GraphDB vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Graph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comduckdb.orgwww.ontotext.comsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comduckdb.org/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationsurrealdb.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperCognitectOntotextSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2012201820002022
Current release1.0.6735, June 20230.10, February 202410.4, October 2023v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++JavaRust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMserver-lessAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility
TriggersBy using transaction functionsnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoConstraint checking
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.yes, based on authentication and database rules
More information provided by the system vendor
DatomicDuckDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMSurrealDB
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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