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DBMS > Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsRDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score3.95
Rank#80  Overall
#42  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.datomic.comdgraph.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sql-anywhere.html
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comdgraph.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdoc.nuodb.comhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_SQL_Anywhere
DeveloperCognitectDgraph Labs, Inc.MicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.SAP infoformerly Sybase
Initial release20122016201920131992
Current release1.0.6735, June 2023cloud service with continuous releases17, July 2015
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infolimited edition freecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureGoC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, SQLyes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl
TriggersBy using transaction functionsnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtennone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSynchronous replication via Raftyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBSource-replica replication infoDatabase mirroring
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnoyes infoTemporary tableyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnono infoPlanned for future releasesAzure Active Directory AuthenticationStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
DatomicDgraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNuoDBSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere
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