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DBMS > Datomic vs. Derby vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. VelocityDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Datomic vs. Derby vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. VelocityDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.05
Rank#358  Overall
#36  Graph DBMS
#16  Object oriented DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitewww.datomic.comdb.apache.org/­derbyfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasevelocitydb.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasevelocitydb.com/­UserGuidewww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperCognitectApache Software FoundationGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014VelocityDB IncJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20121997201220112019
Current release1.0.6735, June 202310.17.1.0, November 20237.x1.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureJavaC#Clojure
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMhostedAny that supports .NETAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnonolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJDBCAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
.NetHTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
JavaJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
.NetClojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction FunctionsJava Stored Procedureslimited functionality with using 'rules'nono
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesCallbacks are triggered when data changesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSource-replica replicationyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rulesBased on Windows Authentication

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More resources
DatomicDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBFirebase Realtime DatabaseVelocityDBXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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