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DBMS > Cubrid vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MarkLogic

System Properties Comparison Cubrid vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MarkLogic

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCubrid  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTPDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.20
Rank#169  Overall
#78  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Websitecubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)
dgraph.iocloud.google.com/­spannerwww.marklogic.com
Technical documentationcubrid.org/­manualsdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.marklogic.com
DeveloperCUBRID Corporation, CUBRID FoundationDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleMarkLogic Corp.
Initial release2008201620172001
Current release11.0, January 202111.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, C++, JavaGoC++
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infoSQL92
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Proceduresnonoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScript
Triggersyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

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More resources
CubridDgraphGoogle Cloud SpannerMarkLogic
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