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DBMS > Cubrid vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Cubrid vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCubrid  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTPDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.20
Rank#169  Overall
#78  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitecubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)
dgraph.iocloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ontotext.comspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationcubrid.org/­manualsdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperCUBRID Corporation, CUBRID FoundationDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleOntotextApache Software Foundation
Initial release20082016201720002014
Current release11.0, January 202110.4, October 20233.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC, C++, JavaGoJavaScala
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava Stored Proceduresnonowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityno
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingnoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoConstraint checkingno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.no
More information provided by the system vendor
CubridDgraphGoogle Cloud SpannerGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMSpark SQL
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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