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DBMS > CrateDB vs. H2 vs. MarkLogic vs. Milvus vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison CrateDB vs. H2 vs. MarkLogic vs. Milvus vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDistributed Database based on LuceneFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Vector DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.73
Rank#224  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websitecratedb.comwww.h2database.comwww.marklogic.commilvus.iowww.vertica.com
Technical documentationcratedb.com/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.marklogic.commilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperCrateThomas MuellerMarkLogic Corp.OpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20132005200120192005
Current release2.2.220, July 202311.0, December 20222.3.4, January 202412.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen SourceOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C++, GoC++
Server operating systemsAll Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
Data schemeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilityyesyes infoSQL92noFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
JavaC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions (Javascript)Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptnoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyesMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes, with Range Indexesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlrights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsRole based access control and fine grained access rightsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
CrateDBH2MarkLogicMilvusVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
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Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
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Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
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Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
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RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
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Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
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Abiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
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As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
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Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more

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More resources
CrateDBH2MarkLogicMilvusVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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