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DBMS > CouchDB vs. HarperDB vs. Realm vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison CouchDB vs. HarperDB vs. Realm vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelDocument storeDocument storeDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score0.55
Rank#248  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitecouchdb.apache.orgwww.harperdb.iorealm.iosurrealdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.harperdb.io/­docsrealm.io/­docssurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerHarperDBRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019SurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2005201720142022
Current release3.3.3, December 20233.1, August 2021v1.1.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infofree community edition availableOpen SourceOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangNode.jsRust
Server operating systemsAndroid
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freedynamic schemayesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infoJSON data typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like data manipulation statementsnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP/JSON APIJDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptCustom Functions infosince release 3.1no inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersyesnoyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusternone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definednone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single document possibleAtomic execution of specific operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, using LMDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights for users and rolesyesyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"HarperDBRealmSurrealDB
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