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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Stardog vs. TigerGraph vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Stardog vs. TigerGraph vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.stardog.comwww.tigergraph.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.stardog.comdocs.tigergraph.comdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperCockroach LabsStardog-UnionOpenLink Software
Initial release2015201020171998
Current release23.1.1, May 20237.3.0, May 20207.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaC++C
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
LinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoImport/export of XML data possiblenoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerSQL-like query language (GSQL)yes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBCGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyes infovia event handlersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and rolesRole-based access controlFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBStardogTigerGraphVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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CockroachDBStardogTigerGraphVirtuoso
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