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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Postgres-XL vs. Prometheus vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Postgres-XL vs. Prometheus vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.74
Rank#67  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#260  Overall
#119  Relational DBMS
Score7.56
Rank#49  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
Score9.62
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgres-xl.orgprometheus.iowww.vertica.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationprometheus.io/­docsvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperCockroach LabsMicrosoftOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release201520162014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB20152005
Current release24.1.0, May 202410 R1, October 201812.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++CGoC++
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Linux
Windows
Linux
Data schemedynamic schemayesyesyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesyes infodistributed, parallel query executionnoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLuser defined functionsnoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnonoyesnoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioningShardinghorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTyesyes infoby FederationMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoMVCCnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

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More resources
CockroachDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgres-XLPrometheusVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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