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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. ToroDB vs. Warp 10

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. ToroDB vs. Warp 10

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonWarp 10  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLTimeSeries DBMS specialized on timestamped geo data based on LevelDB or HBase
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score2.26
Rank#114  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#344  Overall
#32  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.commaxdb.sap.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­torodb/­serverwww.warp10.io
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.warp10.io/­content/­02_Getting_started
DeveloperCockroach LabsSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997Microsoft8KdataSenX
Initial release20151984201920162015
Current release24.1.0, May 20247.9.10.12, February 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3Open Source infoApache License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java 7 VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemayesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Jupyter
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes infoWarpScript
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingSharding infobased on HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationselectable replication factor infobased on HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency infobased on HBase
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and rolesMandatory use of cryptographic tokens, containing fine-grained authorizations

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More resources
CockroachDBMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerToroDBWarp 10
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