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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Manticore Search vs. RDF4J vs. Virtuoso vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Manticore Search vs. RDF4J vs. Virtuoso vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonManticore Search  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Multi-storage database for search, including full-text search.RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphsAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineRDF storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsTime Series DBMS infousing the Manticore Columnar LibrarySpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score0.22
Rank#312  Overall
#21  Search engines
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.commanticoresearch.comrdf4j.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.comgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsmanual.manticoresearch.comrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuosoweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperCockroach LabsManticore SoftwareSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.OpenLink SoftwareWeaviate B.V.
Initial release20152017200419982019
Current release23.1.1, May 20236.0, February 20237.2.11, September 20231.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoGPL version 2Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++JavaCGo
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemaFixed schemayes infoRDF Schemasyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
yes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesInt, Bigint, Float, Timestamp, Bit, Int array, Bigint array, JSON, Booleanyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noCan index from XMLyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infofull-text index on all search fieldsyesyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like query languagenoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLXGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBCBinary API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP/SQL API
SQL over MySQL
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsyesyes infoVirtuoso PLno
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supportednoneyesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTSynchronous replication based on Galera librarynoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes infoisolated transactions for atomic changes and binary logging for safe writesACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Manticore index.yes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnonoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBManticore SearchRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameVirtuosoWeaviate
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
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All companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
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As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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More resources
CockroachDBManticore SearchRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameVirtuosoWeaviate
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