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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Manticore Search vs. RDF4J vs. SurrealDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Manticore Search vs. RDF4J vs. SurrealDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonManticore Search  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Multi-storage database for search, including full-text search.RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineRDF storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsTime Series DBMS infousing the Manticore Columnar LibrarySpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score0.22
Rank#312  Overall
#21  Search engines
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.commanticoresearch.comrdf4j.orgsurrealdb.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsmanual.manticoresearch.comrdf4j.org/­documentationsurrealdb.com/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperCockroach LabsManticore SoftwareSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.SurrealDB LtdOpenLink Software
Initial release20152017200420221998
Current release23.1.1, May 20236.0, February 2023v1.5.0, May 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoGPL version 2Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open SourceOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++JavaRustC
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemaFixed schemayes infoRDF Schemasschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesInt, Bigint, Float, Timestamp, Bit, Int array, Bigint array, JSON, Booleanyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noCan index from XMLyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infofull-text index on all search fieldsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like query languageyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBCBinary API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP/SQL API
SQL over MySQL
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Java
PHP
Python
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsyesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding infoPartitioning is done manually, search queries against distributed index is supportednoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTSynchronous replication based on Galera librarynoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes infoisolated transactions for atomic changes and binary logging for safe writesACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoThe original contents of fields are not stored in the Manticore index.yes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnonoyes, based on authentication and database rulesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
CockroachDBManticore SearchRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSurrealDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
CockroachDBManticore SearchRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSurrealDBVirtuoso
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