DBMS > CockroachDB vs. H2 vs. MaxDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. H2 vs. MaxDB vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutions

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

RDF store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	2.32
Rank	#112	Overall
	#55	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

www.h2database.com

maxdb.sap.com

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

maxdb.sap.com/documentation

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Cockroach Labs

Thomas Mueller

SAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2015

2005

1984

2004

Current release

23.1.1, May 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

7.9.10.12, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Limited community edition free

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

dynamic schema

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

Java

.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

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