DBMS > CockroachDB vs. H2 vs. HEAVY.AI vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. H2 vs. HEAVY.AI vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardware

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	5.73
Rank	#58	Overall
	#34	Relational DBMS

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	1.64
Rank	#145	Overall
	#67	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

www.h2database.com

github.com/heavyai/heavydb
www.heavy.ai

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.heavy.ai

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Cockroach Labs

Thomas Mueller

HEAVY.AI, Inc.

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2015

2005

2016

2019

Current release

24.1.0, May 2024

2.2.220, July 2023

5.10, January 2022

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache Version 2; enterprise edition available

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++ and CUDA

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

dynamic schema

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

Java

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

Sharding

Round robin

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Cockroach Labs Deepens Partnership with Google Cloud, CockroachDB Selected to Join Google Distributed Cloud
9 April 2024, PR Newswire

CockroachDB tempts legacy databases to crawl into the cloud age
29 January 2024, The Register

How DoorDash Migrated from Aurora Postgres to CockroachDB
5 December 2023, The New Stack

DoorDash Uses CockroachDB to Create Config Management Platform for Microservices
14 February 2024, InfoQ.com

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