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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Firebird vs. H2 vs. ToroDB vs. Valentina Server

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Firebird vs. H2 vs. ToroDB vs. Valentina Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonValentina Server  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLObject-relational database and reports server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.74
Rank#67  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score19.46
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score7.57
Rank#47  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#313  Overall
#140  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.firebirdsql.orgwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­torodb/­serverwww.valentina-db.net
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlvalentina-db.com/­docs/­dokuwiki/­v5/­doku.php
DeveloperCockroach LabsFirebird FoundationThomas Mueller8KdataParadigma Software
Initial release20152000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase200520161999
Current release24.1.0, May 20245.0.1, August 20242.2.220, July 20235.7.5
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoAGPL-V3commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC and C++JavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java 7 VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemayesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
ODBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java.Net
C
C#
C++
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Visual Basic
Visual Basic.NET
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoPSQLJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replicationWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CockroachDBFirebirdH2ToroDBValentina Server
Recent citations in the news

Cockroach Labs shakes up its licensing to force bigger companies to pay
15 August 2024, TechCrunch

CockroachDB scuttles away from open source Core offering
19 August 2024, The Register

CockroachDB retires self-hosted Core offering, makes Enterprise version free for companies under $10M in annual revenue
15 August 2024, SDTimes.com

Cockroach Labs Deepens Partnership with Google Cloud, CockroachDB Selected to Join Google Distributed Cloud
9 April 2024, PR Newswire

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20 August 2024, It's FOSS News

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23 October 2023, The Hacker News

FIREBIRD'S HUBBARD TALKS DATA, AI, TIKTOK
14 December 2023, HITS Daily Double

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