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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Stardog vs. Yanza

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Stardog vs. Yanza

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonYanza  Xexclude from comparison
Yanza seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTime Series DBMS for IoT Applications
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.stardog.comyanza.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperCockroach LabsGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014MicrosoftStardog-UnionYanza
Initial release20152012201920102015
Current release23.1.1, May 2023cloud service with continuous releases7.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercial infofree version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono infobut mainly used as a service provided by Yanza
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJava
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsJDBCAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
any language that supports HTTP calls
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnolimited functionality with using 'rules'Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
TriggersnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infovia event handlersyes infoTimer and event based
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication in HA-Clusternone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and rolesno

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More resources
CockroachDBFirebase Realtime DatabaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerStardogYanza
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