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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. NuoDB vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. NuoDB vs. RRDtool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score1.87
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databaseoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedoc.nuodb.comoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCockroach LabsGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Dassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Tobias Oetiker
Initial release20132015201220131999
Current release4.1.0, June 202223.1.1, May 20231.8.0, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSS
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoC++C infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
hostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCAndroid
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
in-process shared library
Pipes
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenolimited functionality with using 'rules'Java, SQLno
TriggersnonoCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtennone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using RAFTyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDyesACID infotunable commit protocolno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes infoby using the rrdcached daemon
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoTemporary tableyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlyes, based on authentication and database rulesStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaCockroachDBFirebase Realtime DatabaseNuoDBRRDtool
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