DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Dgraph vs. Milvus vs. Spark SQL vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Dgraph vs. Milvus vs. Spark SQL vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

A resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	6.10
Rank	#58	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	1.48
Rank	#158	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1.81
Rank	#144	Overall
	#5	Vector DBMS

Score	19.15
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	0.15
Rank	#337	Overall
	#147	Relational DBMS

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

dgraph.io

milvus.io

spark.apache.org/sql

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase.html

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

dgraph.io/docs

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase/features.html

Developer

Cockroach Labs

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Transaction Software GmbH

Initial release

2015

2016

2019

2014

1987

Current release

23.1.1, May 2023

2.3.4, January 2024

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

Transbase 8.3, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free development license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Implementation language

C++, Go

Scala

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

dynamic schema

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Java
Python
R
Scala

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

yes

Sharding

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

Planned for future releases

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more

Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more

Typical application scenarios

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more

Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more

Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

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2 June 2023, Matthias Gelbmann

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