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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Yaacomo

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Yaacomo

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonYaacomo  Xexclude from comparison
Yaacomo seems to be discontinued and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMSCloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpenCL based in-memory RDBMS, designed for efficiently utilizing the hardware via parallel computing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comdgraph.iofirebase.google.com/­products/­firestoreazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-exploreryaacomo.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdgraph.io/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestoredocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperCockroach LabsDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleMicrosoftQ2WEB GmbH
Initial release20152016201720192009
Current release23.1.1, May 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoGo
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedAndroid
Linux
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemaschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnonoyes, with Cloud Functionsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTyesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoUsing Cloud DataflowSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyesnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.Azure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CockroachDBDgraphGoogle Cloud FirestoreMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerYaacomo
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