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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Derby vs. Firebird vs. OpenMLDB

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Derby vs. Firebird vs. OpenMLDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonOpenMLDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseAn open-source machine learning database that provides a feature platform for training and inference
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score0.02
Rank#367  Overall
#37  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comdb.apache.org/­derbywww.firebirdsql.orgopenmldb.ai
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsopenmldb.ai/­docs/­zh/­main
DeveloperCockroach LabsApache Software FoundationFirebird Foundation4 Paradigm Inc.
Initial release201519972000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2020
Current release23.1.1, May 202310.17.1.0, November 20235.0.0, January 20242024-2 February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaC and C++C++, Java, Scala
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemedynamic schemayesyesFixed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJDBCADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
JavaC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored ProceduresPSQLno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonenonehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replicationSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CockroachDBDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBFirebirdOpenMLDB
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