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DBMS > CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. Datomic vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP SQL Anywhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityData logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperFully managed big data interactive analytics platformRDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environments
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score4.25
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.datomic.comgithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sql-anywhere.html
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.datomic.comgraphite.readthedocs.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_SQL_Anywhere
DeveloperCockroach LabsCognitectChris DavisMicrosoftSAP infoformerly Sybase
Initial release20152012200620191992
Current release23.1.1, May 20231.0.6735, June 2023cloud service with continuous releases17, July 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJava, ClojurePython
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
Unix
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemayesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlyyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCRESTful HTTP APIHTTP API
Sockets
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction FunctionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or Perl
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using RAFTnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoDatabase mirroring
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access controlnonoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CockroachDBDatomicGraphiteMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere
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