DBMS > CockroachDB vs. CrateDB vs. QuestDB vs. Snowflake vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison CockroachDB vs. CrateDB vs. QuestDB vs. Snowflake vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Distributed Database based on Lucene

A high performance open source SQL database for time series data

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.74
Rank	#67	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#226	Overall
	#37	Document stores
	#5	Spatial DBMS
	#16	Search engines
	#19	Time Series DBMS
	#11	Vector DBMS

Score	2.81
Rank	#98	Overall
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	133.72
Rank	#7	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#385	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Website

www.cockroachlabs.com

cratedb.com

questdb.io

www.snowflake.com

www.mireo.com/spacetime

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

cratedb.com/docs

questdb.io/docs

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Cockroach Labs

Crate

QuestDB Technology Inc

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Mireo

Initial release

2015

2013

2014

2020

Current release

24.1.0, May 2024

5.8.1, August 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator support

Linux
macOS
Windows

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

dynamic schema

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

yes

schema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibility

SQL with time-series extensions

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

.NET
Erlang
Go

community maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

community maintained client
Perl

community maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

community maintained client
Scala

community maintained client

PostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

over HTTP

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions (Javascript)

user defined functions

Triggers

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by timestamps)

yes

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Configurable replication on table/partition-level

Source-replica replication with eventual consistency

yes

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

unique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategy

ACID for single-table writes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

through memory mapped files

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

rights management via user accounts

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

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