DBMS > ClickHouse vs. Firebird vs. Hive vs. QuestDB vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. Firebird vs. Hive vs. QuestDB vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBase

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

A high performance open source SQL database for time series data

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.34
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	20.82
Rank	#30	Overall
	#18	Relational DBMS

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	2.52
Rank	#109	Overall
	#9	Time Series DBMS

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

clickhouse.com/docs

www.firebirdsql.org/en/reference-manuals

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

questdb.io/docs

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Clickhouse Inc.

Firebird Foundation

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

QuestDB Technology Inc

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2016

2000

As fork of Borland's InterBase

2012

2014

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024

5.0.0, January 2024

3.1.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Initial Developer's Public License

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.
DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.
Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Java

Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust

Java

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less

Firebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

schema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL with time-series extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC

Jaybird
ODBC
OLE DB

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Java
PHP
Python

PostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

over HTTP

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PSQL

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

key based and custom

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by timestamps)

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

Source-replica replication with eventual consistency

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID for single-table writes

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Features a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writers

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

through memory mapped files

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

Access rights for users, groups and roles

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
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Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
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Competitive advantages

High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more

High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more

Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Key customers

Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more

Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more

Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more

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