DBMS > Citus vs. PouchDB vs. Stardog vs. TigerGraph vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. PouchDB vs. Stardog vs. TigerGraph vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.

Primary database model

Column oriented

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.13
Rank	#117	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	2.18
Rank	#114	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Score	1.93
Rank	#121	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	1.44
Rank	#152	Overall
	#14	Graph DBMS

Score	9.62
Rank	#42	Overall
	#26	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

vertica.com/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Stardog-Union

OpenText

previously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard

Initial release

2010

2012

2010

2017

2005

Current release

8.1, December 2018

7.1.1, June 2019

7.3.0, May 2020

12.0.3, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

commercial

Limited community edition free

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

on-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Yes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

No Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

Full 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL

character-based, interactive, front-end utility

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

JavaScript

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

C++
Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

View functions in JavaScript

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

yes

yes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

yes, called Custom Alerts

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

none

horizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

Multi-source replication

One, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Bi-directional Spark integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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