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DBMS > Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFully managed big data interactive analytics platformmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#169  Overall
#76  Relational DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorersurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftHughes TechnologiesSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2010201919942022
Current release8.1, December 2018cloud service with continuous releases4.4, October 2021v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCCRust
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
none
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationnoyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
CitusMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorermSQL infoMini SQLSurrealDB
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