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DBMS > Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sequoiadb vs. TimesTen vs. VictoriaMetrics

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sequoiadb vs. TimesTen vs. VictoriaMetrics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonVictoriaMetrics  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFully managed big data interactive analytics platformNewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQLIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleA fast, cost-effective and scalable Time Series DBMS and monitoring solution
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#261  Overall
#41  Document stores
#122  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Score1.32
Rank#162  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.sequoiadb.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlvictoriametrics.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=indexdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1docs.victoriametrics.com
github.com/­VictoriaMetrics/­VictoriaMetrics/­wiki
DeveloperMicrosoftSequoiadb Ltd.Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005VictoriaMetrics
Initial release20102019201319982018
Current release8.1, December 2018cloud service with continuous releases11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)v1.91, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++Go
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
OpenBSD
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regexyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query languageyesno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
proprietary protocol using JSONJDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Graphite protocol
InfluxDB Line Protocol
OpenTSDB
Prometheus Query API
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJavaScriptPL/SQLno
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Synchronous replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoDocument is locked during a transactionACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationsimple password-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CitusMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSequoiadbTimesTenVictoriaMetrics
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