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DBMS > Citus vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sequoiadb vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sequoiadb vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platformNewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQLIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#261  Overall
#41  Document stores
#122  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.marklogic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.sequoiadb.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.marklogic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=indexdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftSequoiadb Ltd.Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20102001201920131998
Current release8.1, December 201811.0, December 2022cloud service with continuous releases11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regexyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL92Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
proprietary protocol using JSONJDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJavaScriptPL/SQL
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionnoDocument is locked during a transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsAzure Active Directory Authenticationsimple password-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CitusMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSequoiadbTimesTen
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