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DBMS > Citus vs. Firebird vs. GBase vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. OpenEdge

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Firebird vs. GBase vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. OpenEdge

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonOpenEdge  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Application development environment with integrated database management system
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score1.07
Rank#185  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score3.51
Rank#86  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.firebirdsql.orgwww.gbase.cncloud.google.com/­spannerwww.progress.com/­openedge
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocumentation.progress.com/­output/­ua/­OpenEdge_latest
DeveloperFirebird FoundationGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.GoogleProgress Software Corporation
Initial release20102000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase200420171984
Current release8.1, December 20185.0.0, January 2024GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8cOpenEdge 12.2, March 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC and C++C, Java, Python
Server operating systemsLinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesStandard with numerous extensionsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infoclose to SQL 92
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Progress proprietary ABL (Advanced Business Language)
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.PSQLuser defined functionsnoyes
Triggersyesyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonehorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningShardinghorizontal partitioning infosince Version 11.4
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users and groups

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More resources
CitusFirebirdGBaseGoogle Cloud SpannerOpenEdge
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