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DBMS > Citus vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.progress.com/­marklogicazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014MarkLogic Corp.Microsoft
Initial release2010201220012019
Current release8.1, December 201811.0, December 2022cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyes infoSQL92Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.limited functionality with using 'rules'yes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rulesRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
CitusFirebase Realtime DatabaseMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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