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DBMS > atoti vs. Citus vs. EXASOL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. StarRocks

System Properties Comparison atoti vs. Citus vs. EXASOL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. StarRocks

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameatoti  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonStarRocks  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn in-memory DBMS combining transactional and analytical processing to handle the aggregation of ever-changing data.Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformAn open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics infoForked from Apache Doris
Primary database modelObject oriented DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.61
Rank#243  Overall
#10  Object oriented DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.76
Rank#139  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.93
Rank#198  Overall
#93  Relational DBMS
Websiteatoti.iowww.citusdata.comwww.exasol.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.starrocks.io
Technical documentationdocs.atoti.iodocs.citusdata.comwww.exasol.com/­resourcesdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.starrocks.io/­en-us/­latest/­introduction/­StarRocks_intro
DeveloperActiveViamExasolMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince Feb 2023
Initial release2010200020192020
Current release8.1, December 2018cloud service with continuous releases2.5.3, March 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree versions availableOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCC++, Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLMultidimensional Expressions (MDX)yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
MySQL protocol
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Lua
Python
R
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresPythonuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by range and hash)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoHadoop integrationSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole based access control and fine grained access rights

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More resources
atotiCitusEXASOLMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerStarRocks
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