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DBMS > Citus vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Trino

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityFully managed big data interactive analytics platformFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score4.99
Rank#65  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorertrino.io
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorertrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperCognitectMicrosoftTrino Software Foundation
Initial release2010201220192012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current release8.1, December 20181.0.6735, June 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageCJava, ClojureJava
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexeddepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoTransaction FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes, depending on connected data-source
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicedepending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.depending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
depending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnodepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationSQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
CitusDatomicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTrino
Specific characteristicsTrino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Typical application scenariosPerformant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customersTrino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metrics33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTrino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
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22 May 2024

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15 April 2024

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11 April 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
CitusDatomicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTrino
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