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DBMS > Citus vs. Datomic vs. HyperSQL vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Datomic vs. HyperSQL vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.datomic.comhsqldb.orggithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.datomic.comhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.html
DeveloperCognitect8Kdata
Initial release2010201220012016
Current release8.1, December 20181.0.7075, December 20232.7.2, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJava, ClojureJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP APIHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoTransaction FunctionsJava, SQL
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
CitusDatomicHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBToroDB
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