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DBMS > Citus vs. CrateDB vs. IRONdb vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. CrateDB vs. IRONdb vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDistributed Database based on LuceneA distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityHigh performance Time Series DBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Time Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.73
Rank#224  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score7.55
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comcratedb.comwww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/kx.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comcratedb.com/­docsdocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-startedcode.kx.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperCrateCirconus LLC.Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcMicrosoft
Initial release2010201320172000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 20032016
Current release8.1, December 2018V0.10.20, January 20183.6, May 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versioncommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageCJavaC and C++qC++
Server operating systemsLinuxAll Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinuxLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infotext, numeric, histogramsyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitySQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)SQL-like query language (q)yes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP APIHTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions (Javascript)yes, in Luauser defined functionsTransact SQL
Triggersyesnonoyes infowith viewsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingAutomatic, metric affinity per nodehorizontal partitioningSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelconfigurable replication factor, datacenter awareSource-replica replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodesImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategynonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardrights management via user accountsnorights management via user accountsyes
More information provided by the system vendor
CitusCrateDBIRONdbKdbMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more
upon request
» more

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More resources
CitusCrateDBIRONdbKdbMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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