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DBMS > Citus vs. CockroachDB vs. HarperDB vs. Ingres

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. CockroachDB vs. HarperDB vs. Ingres

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.HarperDB takes the "stack" out of "tech stack" by combining an ultra-fast document-style data store, in-memory cache, real-time message broker, and your application components into a single distributed technology.Well established RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score4.74
Rank#67  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score0.55
Rank#243  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score3.63
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.harperdb.iowww.actian.com/­databases/­ingres
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.harperdb.io/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingres
DeveloperCockroach LabsHarperDBActian Corporation
Initial release2010201520171974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s
Current release8.1, December 201824.1.0, May 20243.1, August 202112.0, July 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial infofree community edition availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCGoNode.jsC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesdynamic schemadynamic schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON data typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like data manipulation statementsyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBCJDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noCustom Functions infosince release 3.1yes
Triggersyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusterhorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication using RAFTyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedIngres Replicator
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDAtomic execution of specific operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, using LMDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CitusCockroachDBHarperDBIngres
Recent citations in the news

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, re-affirming its commitment to Open Source and accelerating Azure PostgreSQL performance and scale
24 January 2019, blogs.microsoft.com

Ubicloud wants to build an open source alternative to AWS
5 March 2024, TechCrunch

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, creators of a cloud-friendly version of the PostgreSQL database
24 January 2019, GeekWire

Microsoft buys an open source database startup to give it an edge against Amazon Web Services
24 January 2019, Business Insider

Microsoft acquires another open-source company, Citus Data
24 January 2019, CNBC

provided by Google News

Cockroach Labs shakes up its licensing to force bigger companies to pay
15 August 2024, TechCrunch

CockroachDB scuttles away from open source Core offering
19 August 2024, The Register

CockroachDB retires self-hosted Core offering, makes Enterprise version free for companies under $10M in annual revenue
15 August 2024, SDTimes.com

Cockroach Labs Deepens Partnership with Google Cloud, CockroachDB Selected to Join Google Distributed Cloud
9 April 2024, PR Newswire

DoorDash Uses CockroachDB to Create Config Management Platform for Microservices
14 February 2024, InfoQ.com

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HarperDB Attracts Significant Growth Investment from Serent Capital
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11 September 2024, PR Newswire

DoD Successfully Deploys Commercial AI Solutions for COD Project
10 September 2024, Defense Innovation Unit

Serent Capital invests in software firm HarperDB
12 June 2024, PE Hub

HarperDB Receives Growth Investment from Serent Capital
12 June 2024, FinSMEs

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Actian Launches Ingres 12.0 Database
4 June 2024, PR Newswire

New startup from Postgres creator puts the database at heart of software stack
12 March 2024, TechCrunch

Postgres pioneer Michael Stonebraker promises to upend the database once more
26 December 2023, The Register

Actian Launches Ingres as a Fully-Managed Cloud Service
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