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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. NebulaGraph vs. TigerGraph vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. NebulaGraph vs. TigerGraph vs. Titan

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelWide column storeGraph DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.92
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
Score1.44
Rank#152  Overall
#14  Graph DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookVesoft Inc.Aurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release2008201920172012
Current release5.0-rc1, July 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0commercialOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeStrong typed schemayesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query languageSQL-like query language (GSQL)no
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
C++
Java
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsyesyes
Triggersyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleCausal Clustering using Raft protocolyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyesyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectRole-based access controlRole-based access controlUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraNebulaGraphTigerGraphTitan
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
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