DBMS > BoltDB vs. etcd vs. Immudb vs. Realm vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. etcd vs. Immudb vs. Realm vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Key-value store

Document store

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	7.25
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	7.60
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

realm.io

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

docs.immudb.io

realm.io/docs

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Codenotary

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2013

2020

2014

2013

Current release

3.4, August 2019

1.2.3, April 2022

8.11.4, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

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