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DBMS > BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. RDF4J vs. Stardog vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. RDF4J vs. Stardog vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelKey-value storeKey-value store
Wide column store
RDF storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.80
Rank#215  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.23
Rank#316  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltcloud.google.com/­bigtablerdf4j.orgwww.stardog.comterminusdb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.stardog.comterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperGoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Stardog-UnionDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release20132015200420102018
Current release7.3.0, May 202011.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaJavaProlog, Rust
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemasschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesnonoyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL ServerSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesGoC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayes
Triggersnonoyesyes infovia event handlersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenoneGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesnoneMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesAtomic single-row operationsACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users and rolesRole-based access control

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More resources
BoltDBGoogle Cloud BigtableRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameStardogTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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