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DBMS > BigchainDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison BigchainDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBigchainDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionBigchainDB is scalable blockchain database offering decentralization, immutability and native assetsAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument storeDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.79
Rank#212  Overall
#36  Document stores
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.bigchaindb.comcloud.google.com/­datastorecloud.google.com/­spannervirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationbigchaindb.readthedocs.io/­en/­latestcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperGoogleGoogleOpenLink Software
Initial release2016200820171998
Current release7.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL v3commercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languagePythonC
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes, details hereyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (GQL)yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsCLI Client
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesGo
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresusing Google App Enginenoyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using PaxosMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes,with MongoDB ord RethinkDByesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
BigchainDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreGoogle Cloud SpannerVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
BigchainDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreGoogle Cloud SpannerVirtuoso
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