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DBMS > BigObject vs. Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison BigObject vs. Datomic vs. DuckDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBigObject  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for real-time computations and queriesDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infoa hierachical model (tree) can be imposedRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.13
Rank#342  Overall
#150  Relational DBMS
Score1.76
Rank#145  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score4.68
Rank#76  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.15
Rank#339  Overall
#33  Graph DBMS
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Websitebigobject.iowww.datomic.comduckdb.orggithub.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdocs.bigobject.iodocs.datomic.comduckdb.org/­docshugegraph.apache.org/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperBigObject, Inc.CognitectBaiduMicrosoft
Initial release20152012201820182019
Current release1.0.6735, June 20230.10, February 20240.9cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree community edition availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++Java
Server operating systemsLinux infodistributed as a docker-image
OS X infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Windows infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
All OS with a Java VMserver-lessLinux
macOS
Unix
hosted
Data schemeyesyesyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsfluentd
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesClojure
Java
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Groovy
Java
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresLuayes infoTransaction Functionsnoasynchronous Gremlin script jobsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononovia hugegraph-sparkSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoautomatically between fact table and dimension tablesnonoyes infoedges in graphno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoRead/write lock on objects (tables, trees)yesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnononoUsers, roles and permissionsAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
BigObjectDatomicDuckDBHugeGraphMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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