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DBMS > BaseX vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime vs. TimesTen vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison BaseX vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpaceTime vs. TimesTen vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.In-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelNative XML DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.73
Rank#142  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitebasex.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.mireo.com/­spacetimewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.basex.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1docs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperBaseX GmbHMicrosoftMireoOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005OpenLink Software
Initial release20072019202019981998
Current release10.7, August 2023cloud service with continuous releases11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)7.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSD licensecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infoXQuery supports typesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexednoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implementedyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesActionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RnoPL/SQLyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyes infovia eventsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceFixed-grid hypercubesnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Real-time block device replication (DRBD)Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datamultiple readers, single writernonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsAzure Active Directory Authenticationyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
BaseXMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpaceTimeTimesTenVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
BaseXMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpaceTimeTimesTenVirtuoso
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