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DBMS > BaseX vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Realm vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison BaseX vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Realm vs. RRDtool

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.
Primary database modelNative XML DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.84
Rank#135  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score1.90
Rank#132  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Websitebasex.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrealm.iooss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool
Technical documentationdocs.basex.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrealm.io/­docsoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
DeveloperBaseX GmbHMicrosoftRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Tobias Oetiker
Initial release2007201920141999
Current release11.0, June 2024cloud service with continuous releases1.8.0, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSD licensecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSS
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infoXQuery supports typesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnono
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
in-process shared library
Pipes
Supported programming languagesActionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryno
Triggersyes infovia eventsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoChange Listenersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datamultiple readers, single writernoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemon
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoIn-Memory realmyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsAzure Active Directory Authenticationyesno

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More resources
BaseXMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRealmRRDtool
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