DBMS > BaseX vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NSDb vs. Spark SQL vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison BaseX vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NSDb vs. Spark SQL vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Light-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

Scalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

A resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS

Primary database model

column oriented

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.90
Rank	#136	Overall
	#4	Native XML DBMS

Score	5.16
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#396	Overall
	#42	Time Series DBMS

Score	19.15
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	0.15
Rank	#337	Overall
	#147	Relational DBMS

Website

basex.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

nsdb.io

spark.apache.org/sql

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase.html

Technical documentation

docs.basex.org

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

nsdb.io/Architecture

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase/features.html

Developer

BaseX GmbH

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

Transaction Software GmbH

Initial release

2007

2019

2017

2014

1987

Current release

10.7, August 2023

cloud service with continuous releases

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

Transbase 8.3, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD license

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free development license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Java, Scala

Scala

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

XQuery supports types

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes: int, bigint, decimal, string

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

SQL-like query language

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

Java
Scala

Java
Python
R
Scala

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

yes

Triggers

yes

via events

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

multiple readers, single writer

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Using Apache Lucene

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levels

Azure Active Directory Authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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