DBMS > Apache Impala vs. BaseX vs. Kdb vs. MySQL vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. BaseX vs. Kdb vs. MySQL vs. QuestDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Light-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.

High performance Time Series DBMS

Widely used open source RDBMS

A high performance open source SQL database for time series data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Native XML DBMS

Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.73
Rank	#142	Overall
	#4	Native XML DBMS

Score	7.55
Rank	#53	Overall
	#3	Time Series DBMS
	#1	Vector DBMS

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	2.52
Rank	#109	Overall
	#9	Time Series DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

BaseX GmbH

Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

QuestDB Technology Inc

Initial release

2013

2007

2000

kdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003

1995

2014

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

10.7, August 2023

3.6, May 2018

8.4.0, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

BSD license

commercial

free 32-bit version

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

C and C++

Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XQuery supports types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

table attribute 'grouped'

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language (q)

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL with time-series extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ

HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic

C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

PostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

over HTTP

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

user defined functions

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

via events

yes

with views

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

horizontal partitioning (by timestamps)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication with eventual consistency

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

similar paradigm used for internal processing

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

multiple readers, single writer

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID for single-table writes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

through memory mapped files

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Users with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levels

rights management via user accounts

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more

Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
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Competitive advantages

provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more

High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more

Typical application scenarios

tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more

Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more

Key customers

Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more

Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more

Market metrics

kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

upon request
» more

Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.