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DBMS > BaseX vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison BaseX vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelNative XML DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.73
Rank#142  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitebasex.orgcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdocs.basex.orgcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperBaseX GmbHGoogleChris DavisHypertable Inc.Microsoft
Initial release20072017200620092019
Current release10.7, August 20230.9.8.11, March 2016cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaPythonC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Unix
Linux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infoXQuery supports typesyesNumeric data onlynoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnorestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Sockets
C++ API
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesActionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnononoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyes infovia eventsnononoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneselectable replication factor on file system levelyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud DataflownoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datamultiple readers, single writerACID infoStrict serializable isolationnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nonoAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
BaseXGoogle Cloud SpannerGraphiteHypertableMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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