DBMS > BaseX vs. EJDB vs. EXASOL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison BaseX vs. EJDB vs. EXASOL vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Light-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.

Embeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)

High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

column oriented

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.73
Rank	#142	Overall
	#4	Native XML DBMS

Score	0.27
Rank	#297	Overall
	#44	Document stores

Score	1.99
Rank	#124	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	4.38
Rank	#77	Overall
	#41	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

basex.org

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb

www.exasol.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

docs.basex.org

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb/blob/master/README.md

www.exasol.com/resources

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

BaseX GmbH

Softmotions

Exasol

Microsoft

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2007

2012

2000

2019

2004

Current release

10.7, August 2023

cloud service with continuous releases

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD license

Open Source

GPLv2

commercial

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

XQuery supports types

yes

string, integer, double, bool, date, object_id

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ

in-process shared library

.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic

Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby

Java
Lua
Python
R

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

yes

Triggers

yes

via events

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

typically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possible

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

multiple readers, single writer

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Read/Write Locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levels

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

Azure Active Directory Authentication

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