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DBMS > Axibase vs. Citus vs. Derby vs. SpatiaLite vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Axibase vs. Citus vs. Derby vs. SpatiaLite vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAxibase  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable TimeSeries DBMS based on HBase with integrated rule engine and visualizationScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Spatial extension of SQLiteVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.35
Rank#282  Overall
#25  Time Series DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score4.60
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score1.63
Rank#146  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteaxibase.com/­docs/­atsd/­financewww.citusdata.comdb.apache.org/­derbywww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­indexvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlwww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAxibase CorporationApache Software FoundationAlessandro FurieriOpenLink Software
Initial release20132010199720081998
Current release155858.1, December 201810.17.1.0, November 20235.0.0, August 20207.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoCommunity Edition (single node) is free, Enterprise Edition (distributed) is paidOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCJavaC++C
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAll OS with a Java VMserver-lessAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoshort, integer, long, float, double, decimal, stringyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesnoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Proprietary protocol (Network API)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBCADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java Stored Proceduresnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
AxibaseCitusDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBSpatiaLiteVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
AxibaseCitusDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBSpatiaLiteVirtuoso
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