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DBMS > Apache Spark (SQL) vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Apache Spark (SQL) vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Oracle

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Spark (SQL)  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApache Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Widely used RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score21.62
Rank#29  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score2.56
Rank#97  Overall
#50  Relational DBMS
Score1226.57
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websitespark.apache.org/­sqlcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperApache Software FoundationGoogleOracle
Initial release201420171980
Current release3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 202323c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageScalaC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesJava
Python
R
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, utilizing Spark CoreShardingSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache Spark (SQL)Google Cloud SpannerOracle
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