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DBMS > Apache Pinot vs. Datomic vs. Elasticsearch vs. Lovefield vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Pinot vs. Datomic vs. Elasticsearch vs. Lovefield vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Pinot  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionRealtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latencyDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.40
Rank#270  Overall
#125  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitepinot.apache.orgwww.datomic.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.pinot.apache.orgdocs.datomic.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsCognitectElasticGoogleOpenLink Software
Initial release20152012201020141998
Current release1.0.0, September 20231.0.6735, June 20238.6, January 20232.1.12, February 20177.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava, ClojureJavaJavaScriptC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java JDK11 or higherAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBCRESTful HTTP APIJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
Python
Clojure
Java
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoTransaction Functionsyesnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersBy using transaction functionsyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureUsing read-only observersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectornoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentMemcached and Redis integrationyes infousing MemoryDByes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache PinotDatomicElasticsearchLovefieldVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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Apache PinotDatomicElasticsearchLovefieldVirtuoso
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